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TIME: Almanac 1995
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<text id=90TT1102>
<title>
Apr. 30, 1990: When Cultures Clash
</title>
<history>
TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
Apr. 30, 1990 Vietnam 15 Years Later
</history>
<article>
<source>Time Magazine</source>
<hdr>
PRESS, Page 89
When Cultures Clash
</hdr>
<body>
<p>Tribal warfare roils National Geographic
</p>
<p> Anyone interested in the doings of the Lolo tribes-people,
the Tarahumara Indians, or the Berbers, Bedouins and Bushmen
knew just where to look. Likewise, those curious about "The
Geographical Distribution of Insanity in the U.S." (1903) or
"Pelican Profiles" (1943), or anyone "In Quest of the World's
Largest Frog" (1967), had a handy reference guide. For most of
its 102 years, National Geographic has been a colorful
coffee-table companion for armchair explorers, roaming the
world with rose-colored glasses and bringing back a cheery album
of natives at play. But last week the abrupt firing of veteran
editor Wilbur Garrett left staffers--and readers--wondering
where the magazine might be headed next.
</p>
<p> Garrett's dismissal followed months of hallway rumors,
infighting, standoffs, bluffs and clashes between the fiercely
independent editor and his predecessor, Gilbert Grosvenor, now
president and chairman of the National Geographic Society.
Scion of the founding family, Grosvenor follows in the
footsteps of his great-grandfather, Alexander Graham Bell, in
running the world's largest nonprofit scientific and
educational institution.
</p>
<p> The two men had been friends and colleagues for 35 years,
but when Grosvenor took over the society and Garrett took
charge of the magazine, they faced off over budget cuts,
editorial control and their strategies for holding on to the
society's 10 million members (please, not subscribers). To
attract younger readers, Garrett, 59, wanted National Geographic
to embrace the news and shed its reputation as a moss-backed
wishbook where adolescent boys once made the acquaintance of
bare-breasted women. A photographer and journalist himself,
Garrett began publishing stories about the Exxon Valdez, the
fall of the Berlin Wall, the effects of acid rain, and life in
East Harlem. Despite his innovations, circulation remained flat
during Garrett's tenure, after having almost doubled during the
previous ten years.
</p>
<p> Some speculated that Grosvenor resisted long, analytical
stories, preferring National Geographic's traditional franchise
of anthropology, travelogues and scenic montage. Yet it was
under his tenure as editor in the '70s that the magazine first
tiptoed toward relevance by running stories on Harlem and South
Africa and the Quebec separatist movement. More likely, the
clash had to do with personalities--or money. In recent years
the society has branched out into book publishing, a TV
program, a travel magazine and a research journal. The strain
on cash flow triggered cost cutting and staff reductions,
leaving Garrett's writers and explorers with less luxuriant
expense accounts than usual and strict project budgets to meet.
Grosvenor favored shorter stories, focusing on the U.S., in
place of the lavish globe-roaming epics of yore.
</p>
<p> The final blow came when a committee of staffers, ironically
formed by Garrett, presented Grosvenor with a report calling
for some changes to allow for the advancement of the young and
the restless and to improve the management of the magazine.
Grosvenor's reply was to name William P.E. Graves, 63, to
replace Garrett at the top editor's post, thus seeming to
signal a return to more predictable stories and modest
aspirations. Said one depressed insider: "It's like a morgue
over there right now, and everybody's just wandering around in
a stupor wondering what they're going to do next."
</p>
<p> Garrett, meanwhile, is not talking. But his biography quotes
him as saying two years ago that "if I were unemployed, I would
probably start a winery." By now, there are probably more than
enough sour grapes to start the first batch.
</p>
<p>By Nancy Gibbs. Reported by Michael Riley/Washington.
</p>
</body>
</article>
</text>